Ploughing friction on wet and dry sand

Sliding friction on wet and dry sand.

We show experimentally that the sliding friction on sand is greatly reduced by the addition of some-but not too much-water. The formation of capillary water bridges increases the shear modulus of the sand, which facilitates the sliding. Too much water, on the other hand, makes the capillary bridges coalesce, resulting in a decrease of the modulus; in this case, we observe that the friction coef...

Sliding Friction on Wet and Dry Sand

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Sliding Friction on Wet and Dry Sand

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Friction between footwear and floor covered with solid particles under dry and wet conditions.

Solid particles on the floor, both dry and wet, are common but their effects on the friction on the floor were seldom discussed in the literature. In this study, friction measurements were conducted to test the effects of particle size of solid contaminants on the friction coefficient on the floor under footwear, floor, and surface conditions. The results supported the hypothesis that particle ...

Wet and Dry Etching Theory